The coordinators of Bangladesh’s student protest movement were scheduled to meet with the army chief, Gen Waker-Uz-Zaman, on Tuesday, after the military announced it would form an interim government following the resignation of Sheikh Hasina as prime minister.
On Monday, Hasina resigned and fled Bangladesh after hundreds of people were killed in a crackdown on demonstrations that began as student protests against preferential job quotas and swelled into a movement demanding her downfall. Celebrations erupted on Monday after Hasina resigned.
Zaman plans to meet the protest organisers at noon local time (0600 GMT) on Tuesday, the army said in a statement, a day after Zaman announced Hasina’s resignation in a televised address and said an interim government would be formed.
Zaman said he had held talks with leaders of major political parties – excluding Hasina’s long-ruling Awami League – to discuss the way ahead and was due to hold talks with the president, Mohammed Shahabuddin.
An interim government will hold elections as soon as possible after consulting all parties and stakeholders, Shahabuddin said in a televised address late on Monday.
He also said that it was “unanimously decided” to immediately release the opposition Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) chairperson and Hasina’s nemesis, Begum Khaleda Zia, who was convicted in a graft case in 2018 but moved to a hospital a year later as her health deteriorated. She has denied the charges against her.
A BNP spokesperson said on Monday that Zia, 78, “will clear all charges legally and come out soon”.
Nahid Islam, one of the key coordinators of Bangladesh’s student protest movement, issued a fresh ultimatum to the president in a video statement, demanding the dissolution of parliament and warning of further protests if this demand was not met.
“We still see the existing parliament in place even after the people’s uprising ousted the fascist Hasina government. So, we are giving an ultimatum: by 3pm today, it has to be dissolved.” He also urged people to remain calm and peaceful.
Early on Tuesday, the US commended the Bangladesh army’s conduct. “The United States has long called for respecting democratic rights in Bangladesh, and we urge that the interim government formation be democratic and inclusive. We commend the army for the restraint they have showed today,” a White House spokesperson said.
The US Senate majority leader, Chuck Schumer, said the interim government must aim to set up swift democratic elections. “PM Hasina’s violent reaction to legitimate protests made her continued rule untenable. I applaud the brave protesters and demand justice for those killed.”
Hasina won a fourth straight term in January in an election boycotted by the opposition. The US state department said in January that the elections were not free and fair, adding that Washington was concerned by reports of polling irregularities and violence.
Hasina’s government was accused by rights groups of misusing state institutions to entrench its hold on power and stamp out dissent, including through the killing of opposition activists.
The latest student-led protests began over a quota system they said disproportionately allocated government jobs to the descendants of freedom fighters from the 1971 independence war.
The recent protests and crackdown led to some of the worst violence since Bangladesh was founded more than five decades ago. During a briefing at army headquarters, Zaman promised an investigation into the deaths.
The coordinators of the student protests on Tuesday called for the formation of a new interim government with economist and Nobel peace laureate Muhammad Yunus as its chief adviser, according to a video released on Facebook.
“In Dr Yunus, we trust,” Asif Mahmud, a key leader of the Students Against Discrimination (SAD) group, wrote on Facebook.
Yunus, who is in Paris, has agreed to the role, a spokesperson told Reuters. He plans to return to Bangladesh “immediately” after undergoing a minor medical procedure in the French capital.
In an interview with India’s the Print, he said Bangladesh had been “an occupied country” under Hasina. “Today all the people of Bangladesh feel liberated,” Yunus said, it reported.
Yunus, 84, and his Grameen Bank won the 2006 Nobel peace prize for work to lift millions out of poverty by granting tiny loans of under $100 to the rural poor of Bangladesh but he was indicted by a court in June on charges of embezzlement that he denied.
“Any government other than the one we recommended would not be accepted,” Nahid Islam, one of the key organisers of the student movement, said in a video with three other organisers. “We wouldn’t accept any army-supported or army-led government.”
“We have also had discussions with Muhammad Yunus and he has agreed to take on this responsibility at our invitation,” Islam added.
In January, Yunus was sentenced to six months’ imprisonment, along with three other people, for violating labour laws at Grameen Telecom, the not-for-profit company he founded in 1983.
In June, Yunus told the Guardian he had come under 20 years of pressure from the Bangladeshi government for his work, which is credited with improving the lives of millions of poor people, particularly women. Yunus did not immediately respond to a request for comment, Reuters reports.
Elsewhere, the World Bank said it was assessing the impact of events in Bangladesh on its loan programme, but that it remained committed to supporting the “development aspirations of the people of Bangladesh”.
The World Bank’s board in June approved two projects totalling $900m to help Bangladesh strengthen financial sector policies and improve urban infrastructure.
The World Bank was among the first development partners to support Bangladesh after its independence and since then has committed about $41bn in grants and interest-free credits.
Redwan Ahmed, Reuters and Agence France-Presse contributed to this report