Japan has condemned an unprecedented violation of its airspace by a Chinese military aircraft as “utterly unacceptable” and a threat to its security.
The incursion comes after repeated maritime provocations by Chinese vessels near disputed islands in the East China Sea in an escalation of regional tensions.
China later said it had “no intention” of intruding into another country’s airspace.
The incursion was a “serious violation of sovereignty”, Japan’s chief government spokesperson said on Tuesday, calling it a first for a Chinese military aircraft. “The violation of our airspace by Chinese military aircraft is not only a serious violation of our sovereignty but also a threat to our security and is totally unacceptable,” Yoshimasa Hayashi told reporters.
He added: “We understand that this is the first confirmed and announced airspace incursion by a Chinese military aircraft since we started the anti-airspace incursion measures.
“We refrain from giving a definite answer as to the intended purpose of the Chinese aircraft’s action. However, China’s recent military activities near Japan have a tendency to expand and become increasingly active.
“The government will continue to pay close attention to China’s military activities and will take all possible measures to ensure vigilant surveillance and airspace violation measures.”
A Y-9 surveillance aircraft breached Japanese airspace for about two minutes from 11.29am on Monday, Japan’s defence ministry said.
It said the aircraft “violated the territorial airspace off the Danjo Islands in Nagasaki prefecture”, prompting Japan to scramble “fighter jets on an emergency basis”.
The ministry said “warnings” and other steps had been issued to the aircraft, but the public broadcaster NHK reported that no weapons, such as flare guns, had been used.
The defence ministry released a photograph of what it said was the plane, which reportedly circled above waters south-east of the islands multiple times before and after entering Japan’s airspace, Kyodo news agency said. It headed back towards China at about 1.15pm.
The deputy foreign minister, Masataka Okano, summoned China’s acting ambassador late on Monday to lodge a “firm protest”, and called for measures against a recurrence, the foreign ministry said.
The Chinese diplomat said in response that the matter would be reported to Beijing, the ministry said.
On Tuesday afternoon, a spokesperson for China’s foreign ministry told a regular press briefing that the country had “no intention to intrude into any country’s airspace”.
“Competent authorities are gathering and verifying relevant information regarding the incident,” Lin Jian said. Lin said the two governments were maintaining communication “through existing working channels”.
A Japanese defence ministry source told Kyodo that China “might be trying to provoke a reaction from Japan”, while an unnamed government official said the aircraft had “merely grazed” Japan’s airspace, possibly after straying off course.
Two previous incursions were by non-military aircraft, NHK reported. A propeller-powered plane and a small drone went into airspace near the disputed Senkaku Islands in 2012 and 2017.
Chinese vessels regularly enter waters near the Senkakus, with Japan scrambling self-defence force jets in response. The uninhabited archipelago, surrounded by rich fishing grounds and potential oil and gas deposits, are administered by Japan but claimed by China, where they are known as Diaoyu.
The territories were in the news again recently after the Japanese coastguard rescued a Mexican man who had become stranded on one of the islands after leaving the island of Yonaguni in a canoe in an apparent attempt to cross to Taiwan, 62 miles (100km) away.
after newsletter promotion
Yee Kuang Heng, a professor at the University of Tokyo, said the Y-9 in Monday’s incident “was likely probing Japan’s air defence network, collecting electronic intel such as Japan’s radar signals and coverage”.
China’s growing economic and military clout in the Asia-Pacific region and its assertiveness in territorial disputes – in particular with Taiwan – has alarmed the US and its allies.
Japan, whose defence forces are constricted by the country’s postwar “pacifist” constitution, has ramped up defence spending with US encouragement, moving to acquire “counterstrike” capabilities and easing rules on arms exports.
Tokyo is also providing funding and equipment such as patrol vessels to countries across the region and agreed in July on a deal with the Philippines allowing troop deployments on each other’s soil.
Japan and South Korea have also attempted to put historical tensions behind them. Tokyo is part of the Quad alliance with the US, Australia and India, a grouping seen as a bulwark against Beijing.
The remote Senkaku chain have been at the centre of diplomatic tensions as well as confrontations between Japanese coastguard vessels and Chinese fishing boats. Tokyo has reported the presence of Chinese coastguard vessels, a naval ship and even a nuclear-powered submarine in the area.
The Danjo Islands, the site of the latest incident, are a group of small islets also in the East China Sea off Japan’s southern Nagasaki prefecture.
Beijing claims the South China Sea almost in its entirety.
The incident with Japan came as the Philippines’ defence minister, Gilberto Teodoro, called China the biggest disruptor of international peace in the region.
Speaking at an annual military conference of the US Indo-Pacific command, Teodoro urged partner countries to condemn China’s “illegal actions” in the South China Sea.
China rejects a 2016 ruling by the permanent court of arbitration in The Hague that Beijing’s expansive claims over the South China Sea has no basis under international law.
The US national security adviser, Jake Sullivan, is due to visit Beijing for three days from Tuesday and will meet China’s foreign minister, Wang Yi, to try to manage bilateral tensions before the US presidential election in November.
With Agence France-Presse and Reuters